In the Finnish Power System, electrical power is transferred from production to consumption via two types of networks: the transmission network and the distribution network. The transmission network is integral to the Finnish power system, connecting all major power plants and forming its backbone.
Fingrid Oyj designs and operates the network as the electricity transmission system operator (TSO) in Finland. The transmission network, which is meshed, encompasses all lines at 400 kV, 220 kV, and 110 kV, all of which are operated in a meshed configuration.
The transmission network's role is to deliver electricity from power plants to consumption areas. From there, the distribution network transfers the electricity to most end consumers, as only a few of the largest consumers are directly connected to the transmission network.
Regional network companies operate the distribution networks.
Distribution networks are categorized into two types: medium voltage distribution networks (MVDNs) and high voltage distribution networks (HVDNs). MVDNs operate radially and include networks with voltages below 110 kV, as stipulated by the Finnish Electricity Market Act.
The majority of consumers are directly connected to the MVDN or to a low voltage network that is integrated into the MVDN.
The thesis focuses on High Voltage Distribution Networks (HVDNs), particularly those in rural areas. It delves into the characteristics of these networks. The term 'HVDN' has superseded the former term 'sub-transmission network' in Finnish legislation and network business regulation.
The High Voltage Distribution Network (HVDN) may share characteristics with both the Medium Voltage Distribution Network (MVDN) and the transmission network. Currently, there is no explicit definition for HVDN, making it challenging to delineate which sections of the network constitute the HVDNs.
Under the Finnish Electricity Market Act, High Voltage Distribution Networks (HVDNs) are comprised of 110 kV lines that are not included in Fingrid's transmission network. As of 2010, Finland's 110 kV HVDN network spanned approximately 8,262 kilometers, with around 6,559 kilometers owned by 54 distinct distribution network operators (DNOs) and roughly 1,703 kilometers by 12 separate high voltage distribution network operators.
For perspective, Fingrid's 110 kV network spans 7,468 km, which constitutes approximately 52.5% of Finland's 110 kV lines included in the HVDN.
Document: | General Planning Principles Of High Voltage Distribution Networks Including Wind Power by MIKKO LAAJA, Master’s Degree Programme in Electrical Engineering, TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY |
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Pages: | 120 |
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